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Climate & Geography
The Middle East's boundaries are, the Red, Arabian, Caspian, Black and Mediterranean seas, the Sinai Peninsula,
Iran's eastern border and Russia's Caucasian border with Georgia and Azerbaijan. Its nations are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq,
Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the United
Arab Emirates and Yemen. The climate varies from cool temperate in the northern uplands to dry tropical.
Please click on a country below for specific information:
Bahrain
Bahrain is an archipelago of 33 islands in the Arabian Gulf, situated between Saudi Arabia's east coast and the Qatar peninsula.
June-October, hot and humid (42ºC), December to April, mild (10º-20ºC).
December through to March can be quite cool.
Rainfall is slight and occurs mainly in winter.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ba.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Iraq
Iraq shares borders with Turkey, Iran, the Gulf of Oman, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Syria.
The country's main topographical features are the two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, which flow from the Turkish and Syrian borders in the north to the Gulf in the south.
The northeast is mountainous, while in the west the country is arid desert.
The land on either side of the two rivers is fertile plain.
Summers are very hot and dry. Winters are warm with some rain.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Jordan
Bahrain shares borders with Israel, Syria, Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
The Dead Sea is to the northwest and the Red Sea to the southwest.
Hot and dry summers with cool evenings.
The Jordan Valley below sea level is warm during winter and extremely hot in summer.
Rain falls between November and March, while colder weather conditions occur in December/January.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/jo.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Kuwait
Kuwait shares borders with Iraq and Saudi Arabia. To the southeast lies the Persian Gulf, where Kuwait has sovereignty over nine small islands (the largest is Bubiyan and the most populous is Failaka). The landscape is predominantly desert plateau with a lower, more fertile coastal belt.
Kuwait shares European weather patterns but is hotter and drier. Summers (April to October) are hot and humid with very little rain. Winters (November to March) are cool with limited rain. Springs are cool.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ku.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Qatar
Qatar is a peninsula jutting out into the Gulf between Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates.
There are hills in the northwest, but the rest of the country consists of sand dunes and salt flats, with scattered vegetation towards the north.
Summer (June to September) is very hot with low rainfall. Winter is cooler with occasional rainfall. Spring and autumn are warm and pleasant.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/qa.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia occupies four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered to the northwest by Jordan, to the north by Iraq and Kuwait, to the east by the Gulf of Oman, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman, and to the south by Yemen. To the west lies the Red Sea. Along the Red Sea coast is a narrow coastal strip (Tihama), which becomes relatively hotter and more humid towards the south and has areas of extensive tidal flats and lava fields. Along the Gulf coast is a low fertile plain giving way to limestone ridges inland.
Saudi Arabia has a desert climate. In Jeddah it is warm for most of the year. Riyadh, which is inland, is hotter in summer and colder in winter, when occasional heavy rainstorms occur. The Rub al Khali, an uninhabited southern desert, seldom receives rain, making Saudi Arabia one of the driest countries in the world.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sa.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
United Arab Emirates
The Emirates are bordered to the north by the Gulf and the Musandam Peninsula, to the east by Oman, to the south and west by Saudi Arabia and to the northwest by Qatar. The land is mountainous and mostly desert.
The hottest time is from June to September with little rainfall.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ae.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
Republic of Yemen
The Republic of Yemen is bordered in the northwest, north and northeast by Saudi Arabia, in the east by Oman and in the south by the Gulf of Aden. To the west lies the Red Sea. The islands of Perim and Karam in the southern Red Sea are also part of the Republic. Yemen is predominantly mountainous, supporting terraced agriculture.
The climate varies according to altitude. The coastal plain is hot and dusty throughout most of the year. The highlands are warm in summer and during winter, from October to March, nights can be very cold in the mountains. Annual rainfall is extremely low and temperatures, particularly in summer, are very high.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ym.html
http://www.weatherbase.com/
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